Ukutshiswa lilanga kwii-orchids: indlela yokuthintela lo monakalo ongenakuphikiswa.
Ukutshiswa lilanga kunempawu enye ekwahlula phantse kuzo zonke ezinye iingxaki ze-orchid: akunakuphikiswa . I-fungus inganyangwa, izinambuzane zisuswe, kwaye iingcambu ezibolileyo ziphinde zibuyiswe. Izicubu ezitshiswe lilanga zifile kwaye azisayi kubuya.
Ngoko ke, eli nqaku limalunga nokuthintela kwaye limalunga nokungabhidanisi nesifo kunokuba limalunga nonyango — kuba unyango, ngengqiqo yokubuyisela igqabi, alukho.
Indlela yokuyiqonda, kwaye kutheni ibaluleke kangaka.
Ingxaki ebonakalayo kukubhidanisa nosulelo. Abantu basebenzisa i-fungicide ekutshiseni, ekulahlekeni kwemveliso, baze bagqibe kwelokuba "ayisebenzanga"—xa kungekho nto isebenzayo apho.
| Isici | Queimadura de sol | Usulelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukudibanisa | owomileyo, amaphepha | umanzi okanye umanzi |
| Ibhodi | ichazwe kakuhle | isangqa esingaqhelekanga, esimanzi |
| Indawo | uhlala ecaleni elivezwe elangeni | naphi na |
| Indaleko | ayikhuli emva kokufakwa | inkqubela phambili |
| Ivumba | akukho nanye | iintsholongwane zihlala zinayo |
Into ebangela isigqibo iyafana neqhelekileyo: phawula umphetho ngepeni uze uwujonge emva kweeyure ezingama-24 . Ukutsha kuya kuhlala kufana. Usulelo luya kusasazeka ngaphaya komkhondo.
Indawo ehlala kuyo ikwayibonisa loo nto. Ukutsha kuvela ecaleni kwegqabi elalijonge elangeni, kwaye rhoqo kuzo zonke izityalo ezazikwindawo enye—into engaqhelekanga ukuba usulelo lwenze njalo ngokulinganayo.
Inkangeleko ngamanqanaba
Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kukuvumela ukuba uhambise isityalo ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo usasazeke kwamanye amagqabi.
Uphawu lokuqala: indawo emhlophe, emthubi, okanye ebomvu, engatshintshanga ubume bayo. Ngeli xesha, igqabi liyaxinezeleka, kodwa izicubu zisenokuhlala zinjalo.
Okulandelayo: indawo eyomileyo ifana nephepha kwaye iba mnyama, ibe mdaka okanye iphantse ibe mnyama, ibe nomphetho obukhali.
Ekugqibeleni: indawo efileyo iba yesisigxina. Ayikhuli kwakhona, kodwa ayiphindi ibuyele esiqhelweni.
Ukuba uyibambile kwinqanaba lokuqala, ukuhambisa isityalo kunokwanela ukusithintela ukuba singaqhubeki. Lithuba lodwa apho isenzo sitshintsha khona iziphumo.
Ingakanani ilanga elinokumelana nesini ngasinye?
Akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba “zii-orchids ezingenakuba selangeni.” Kukho umahluko ngokweentlobo zazo, kwaye umahluko mkhulu kakhulu—nto leyo echaza isizathu sokuba indawo enye endlwini inokutshisa isityalo esinye kwaye ibangele esinye sidubule.
| IGênero | Ukukhanya (iikhandlela zeenyawo) | Ekhaya |
|---|---|---|
| IPhalaenopsis | 1.000 i2.000 | Ifestile ejonge empuma; ilanga lasekuseni |
| I-Paphiopedilum | 1.000 i2.000 | Iyure e-1 ukuya kwezi-4 zelanga elithe ngqo |
| masdevallia | ephantsi ukuya kwephakathi | ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-2-3 zelanga elithe ngqo |
| ICattleya | 2.000 i3.500 | ngaphezulu kweeyure ezi-4 zelanga elithe ngqo |
| ICymbidium | 3.000 i6.000 | ngaphandle, kugqunywe umthunzi emini. |
| UVanda | 5.000 okanye ngaphezulu | ibalcony okanye igadi yangasemva |
Ezi tshati zivela kwizikhokelo zokulima ze-American Orchid Society , enye ngohlobo ngalunye.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-Hemispheric okubangela ukutsha
Le yinkcukacha ebangela ukutsha kakhulu kwabo balandela imiyalelo echanekileyo, kwaye ayikhankanywanga kangako kumxholo oguqulelweyo.
Izikhokelo zaseMelika zicebisa ukuba ujonge ifestile xa ucinga ngeNorthern Hemisphere. Impuma nentshona zisebenza ngendlela efanayo kuzo zombini iihemisphere —ilanga liphuma lize litshone kumacala afanayo. Kodwa umntla nomzantsi zijikile.
Apho umbhalo waseMelika uthi "ifestile yasemazantsi" ubhekisa kwifestile enelanga kakhulu, eBrazil ifestile enelanga kakhulu yifestile yasemantla . Kwaye apho ithi "ifestile yasemantla" ibhekisa kukhetho olunethunzi, apha into efanayo yifestile yasemazantsi.
Nabani na ofunda "beka efestileni ejonge emantla ukuze afumane umthunzi" aze enze oko eBrazil ubeka isityalo kwindawo enamandla kakhulu endlwini. Kuqinisekisiwe ukuba siza kubangela ukutsha kwisityalo esibuthathaka.
Xa umngcipheko uphezulu
Emini ehlotyeni. Ilanga lasemini ehlotyeni laseBrazil litshisa namagqabi ezityalo ezithanda ukukhanya okunamandla. Ilanga lasekuseni ukuya kuthi ga malunga nentsimbi yeshumi likhuselekile kakhulu kunelanga ukusuka kwishumi elinanye ukuya kwintsimbi yesithathu.
Iglasi iyawandisa loo ndawo. Igqabi elicinezelwe kwiglasi lifumana ubushushu obuqinileyo, kwaye iglasi ithintela umoya oza kuphelisa obo bushushu. Yisuse kude ngeesentimitha ezimbalwa.
Ukutshintsha kwesimo ngequbuliso. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo nengathathelwa ngqalelo. Isityalo esihlala emthunzini size sifuduselwe ngqo elangeni siya kutsha, nakwiindawo ebesiya kuzinyamezela ukuba besiqhelene.
Amagqabi amanzi elangeni. Amathontsi asebenza njengeelensi ezincinci, egxila ekukhanyeni kwiindawo ezithile. Esi sesinye isizathu sokunkcenkceshela kusasa, kungekhona emini.
Emva kokuthena umthi , ekulimeni ngaphandle. Isityalo, esasihlala emthunzini, sibonakala ngequbuliso, kwaye umonakalo wenzeka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
I-Acclimate: indlela yokwandisa ukukhanya ngaphandle kokuzitshisa
Ukuba ugqibe kwelokuba isityalo sifuna ukukhanya okungakumbi—kuba asidubuli, okanye kuba amagqabi aluhlaza kakhulu—ukwanda kufuneka kube kancinci kancinci.
Le ndlela ilula: kancinci kancinci yonyusa ukuvezwa kwelanga kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu . Qala ngeyure enye yokukhanya kwelanga ngqo, uze emva koko ezimbini, uze ujonge umbala wamagqabi.
Igqabi lilo elibonisa oko. Uluhlaza olumnyama kakhulu lubonisa ukukhanya okunganelanga. Uluhlaza olukhanyayo, ngamanye amaxesha olunombala otyheli okanye obomvu emaphethelweni, yindawo evelisayo. Amabala amhlophe abonisa ukuphumla okugqithisileyo.
Ukuqhelana nezityalo ezisandula ukuthengwa kuyasebenza nakwizityalo ezisandula ukuthengwa. Ukuba zivela kwindlu eluhlaza enomthunzi olawulwayo, ukuya ngqo kwifestile enelanga kuya kuyitshisa.
Umbala: yeyiphi ipesenti ekufuneka isetyenziswe?
Kwindlela yokulima ngaphandle, ukutsala umthunzi ngenethi sisisombululo esiqhelekileyo, kwaye ipesenti yomthunzi kufuneka ihambelane neentlobo zezityalo. Ukutsala umthunzi ngepesenti yokuvaleka.
I-30% ifanelekile kwiintlobo zezityalo ezikhanyiswe kakuhle, ezifana neVanda kunye neCymbidium, kwiindawo ezingenalanga lininzi okanye kwiindawo ezisele zifumana umthunzi ongephi emva kwemini.
I-50% yeyona xabiso liguquguqukayo kwaye lelona lifanelekileyo kwiingqokelela ezininzi ezixutyiweyo — iCattleya, iOncidium, iDendrobium. Ukuba uthenga enye kuphela, le yeyona.
I-70% yeentlobo ezithanda umthunzi: iPhalaenopsis, iPaphiopedilum, kunye neentlobo eziphakamileyo ngokubanzi.
Kwindlela yokulima ebotshelelwe emithini, i-canopy idlala le ndima - into etshintsha imeko kukuba i-canopy iyahluka ngokwexesha lonyaka kwimithi elahlekelwa ngamagqabi ayo, kwaye ukuthena kungasusa umthunzi ngaxeshanye.
Ukukhanya okwenziweyo nako kuyatsha.
Kukho ingcamango ephosakeleyo yokuba ii-LED zikhuselekile kuba azifudumezi njengeebhalbhu ezindala. Zifudumeza kancinci, kodwa ukukhanya okukhawulezayo kumgama omfutshane kwanele ukubangela umonakalo.
Ukuphakama okucetyiswayo kokufakelwa kuphakathi kweesentimitha ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-60 ngaphezu kwesityalo, kulungelelaniswa ngokwe-wattage. Amagqabi achukumisa ngqo okanye iisentimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kumthombo wokukhanya aya kubangela ukuba ukukhanya kube mhlophe.
Olu phawu lufana nokukhanya kwelanga: ukutshintsha kombala kwicala elijongene nokukhanya, kwinxalenye ekufutshane nomthombo. Kwaye umthetho ofanayo wokuqhelana nokukhanya uyasebenza — ukuba wonyusa amandla okanye usondeza isixhobo sokukhanya, yenza oko kancinci kancinci.
Yintoni omawuyenze ngegqabi elitshileyo
Impendulo iyaphikisana neminqweno: ngokubanzi, musa ukusika.
Nokuba inxalenye efileyo ikwindawo eseleyo, igqabi eliseleyo liyaqhubeka nokwenza i-photosynthesize kwaye londle isityalo. Ukusika kususa izicubu ezisasebenza kwaye kudala inxeba—eliyindawo yokungena kosulelo.
Kufanelekile ukususa isityalo kwiimeko ezimbini kuphela: ukuba indawo etshisiweyo inkulu kangangokuba igqabi alinazo izicubu eziluhlaza eziseleyo, okanye ukuba indawo efileyo iqala ukubonisa iimpawu zosulelo lwesibini, olubonakala njengendawo emanzi nethambileyo ephuma kumda owomileyo.
Ukuba uyinqumle, yenza njalo ngeblade ecociweyo kwaye uvumele inxeba lome emoyeni ngaphambi kokuba ubuyisele isityalo endaweni yaso.
Into ebalulekileyo yile oza kuyenza ngokulandelayo: susa isityalo okanye ufake umthunzi. Ngaphandle kokulungisa indawo yaso, amagqabi alandelayo aya kutsha.
Ukutsha okubonakala kwingcambu
Isilumkiso malunga nemeko engacacanga kangako: kwizityalo ezineengcambu ezivezwe ngaphandle, ezifana neVanda ebhasikithi, okanye kwiingcambu zePhalaenopsis ezikhulele ebhodweni, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kunokutshisa iingcambu.
Uphawu luphawu lokuba incam yengcambu iyoma kwaye umphezulu uba mhlophe kwaye uqhekeke, ungabi nombala oluhlaza obonakala xa umanzi.
Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa isityalo sifuduselwa kwindawo ekhanyayo kwaye kucingelwe igqabi kuphela kwisigqibo. Iingcambu zasemoyeni ezazikade zigqunywe ngumthunzi yimbiza ngokwayo ngoku zifumana ilanga ngqo.
Akukho unyango ngaphandle kokususa okanye ukufaka umthunzi kwindawo leyo — iingcambu ezitshileyo aziphindi ziphile, kwaye isityalo silahlekelwa yinxalenye yamandla aso okufunxa kanye xa siyidinga kakhulu.
Mfutshane
Ukutsha okomileyo okunomda ochaziweyo ebusweni obubonakalayo akufanele kukhule—ukuba kukhulile, sisifo, kwaye unyango lwahlukile. Phawula umda uze uwujonge kwakhona kwiiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokuba uthenge nayiphi na imveliso.
Fumanisa uluhlu lokukhanya lwesini sakho, kwaye uguqulele indlela ifestile ejonge ngayo kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi: apha, ifestile enamandla isemantla. Soloko unyusa ukukhanya kancinci kancinci. Kwaye unganqumli igqabi elitshileyo—lungisa indawo yalo.
