Phalaenopsis: Shine mafi kyawun orchid ga masu farawa.

Phalaenopsis ita ce orchid da kusan kowa ke samun fifiko, kuma ba wani abu bane mai kama da haka: ita ce orchid mafi sayarwa a duniya, tana fure tsawon makonni, kuma tana jure yanayin cikin gida fiye da kowace irin nau'in halitta mai shahara. Matsalar ita ce wannan suna na kasancewa "mai sauƙi" yana zuwa da umarni da yawa marasa ma'ana - "haske mara kai tsaye," "ruwa idan ya bushe" - waɗanda ba sa nufin wani abu mai amfani. Wannan jagorar akasin haka ce: simintin da ke cikinsa yana bunƙasa, inda waɗannan lambobi suka fito, da abin da za a yi a cikin lokutan uku lokacin da yawancin tsire-tsire suka gaza.

Haske: lambar da ke warware matsalar taga.

Jagororin girma na Ƙungiyar Orchid ta Amurka sun ba da shawarar lumens 10.750 zuwa 21.500, daidai da kyandirori ƙafa 1.000-2.000 . A gida, wannan yana nufin taga mai fuskantar gabas - rana kai tsaye ta safe na tsawon 'yan awanni. Tagar da ke fuskantar kudu ko yamma tana da kyau idan kuna da labule masu tacewa.

Ga gargaɗin da na ga mutane kaɗan ne ke bayarwa a cikin yaren Fotigal: Katunan taga na Amurka suna bayyana yanayin taga ga Arewacin Hemisphere. Gabas da yamma suna aiki iri ɗaya a duka hemisphere, amma kudu da arewa an juya su . Inda AOS ta ce "taga ta kudu" a matsayin wacce take da rana mafi yawa, a Brazil ita ce tagar arewa . Bin umarnin da ke ƙasa a bayyane hanya ce ta ɓata lokaci don tunanin cewa kana samun daidai.

Idan aka girma a ƙarƙashin hasken wucin gadi, matakin fure mafi kyau shine sama da lumens 10.000 a kowace murabba'in mita . Shuke-shuken suna rayuwa da ƙarancin - kusan 2.000 - amma tsira da fure abubuwa ne daban-daban, kuma a nan ne ainihin korafin da aka fi samu daga waɗanda suka yi Phalaenopsis tsawon shekaru ba tare da ganin sun sake fure ba.

Hanya mai amfani ta tantancewa ba tare da mita ba ita ce a kalli ganyen. Kore mai duhu sosai, kusan emerald, alama ce ta rashin isasshen haske—kyakkyawa, amma ba zai yi fure ba. Kore mai haske tare da ɗan launin rawaya shine kewayon amfanin gona. Ganyen da ke da tabo fari ko ja yana nuna haske mai yawa.

Zafin jiki, da kuma dabarar tilasta tushen fure.

Abu mafi amfani a wannan tebur shine na uku. Phalaenopsis orchids suna fara samar da fure mai yawa a sakamakon sanyin dare, kusan digiri 13 na Celsius, na tsawon makonni kaɗan a lokacin kaka . Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa ke da tsire-tsire masu lafiya waɗanda ba sa sake yin fure: a cikin gida, tare da yanayin zafi mai kyau a duk shekara, abin da ke haifar da hakan ba ya taɓa kunnawa. Sanya shukar a kan baranda mai kariya a lokacin sanyin dare na kaka ya fi tasiri fiye da kowace takin fure.

Kuma akwai wani muhimmin abu da ya saba wa wannan, wanda AOS da kanta ta lura: canjin yanayin zafi yana haifar da raguwar toho . A wata ma'anar - sanyin dare da aka sarrafa a lokacin kaka don haifar da samuwar tushe, eh; canjin yanayin zafi bayan toho ya riga ya bayyana, a'a. Bayan toho ya bayyana, kwanciyar hankali.

Yana da kyau a kwatanta shi da sauran nau'ikan halittu domin a fahimci abin da ya keɓance shi. Cattleya yana buƙatar rage zafin jiki daga 5,5 zuwa 8,3 °C tsakanin rana da dare a kowane lokaci. Masdevallia yana buƙatar yanayin zafi mai daidaito. Phalaenopsis yana tsakiyar: yana da ƙarfi a mafi yawan shekara, tare da sanyi na ɗan lokaci a lokacin kaka. Babu wata doka guda ɗaya ga orchids—akwai ƙa'idodi ga kowane nau'in.

Shayarwa: Kada a taɓa barin ya bushe gaba ɗaya, kuma koyaushe da safe.

Orchids na Phalaenopsis ba su da ƙwanƙwasa-ƙwanƙwasa, don haka ba sa adana ruwa—babu buƙatar dashen ya bushe gaba ɗaya. Amma kuma ba za a iya toshe shi da ruwa ba, domin tushen yana buƙatar iskar oxygen kamar yadda yake buƙatar ruwa.

Ainihin mitar ta dogara ne da yanayin, kuma AOS yana ba da iyaka: tana iya tafiya daga kowace rana a lokacin zafi da bushewar bazara zuwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwana goma a cikin yanayi mai sanyi. Duk wanda ya ba ku takamaiman adadin kwanaki yana tsammani - abin da ke aiki shine tantance nauyin tukunyar da kuma sanya yatsanka tsakanin ɓawon don jin ko akwai danshi a tsakiya, ba kawai a saman ba.

Dokar ban ruwa ita ce hanya mafi inganci don guje wa matsaloli masu tsanani: ruwa da safe . Ruwan da ke kan kambin shukar cikin dare ɗaya, lokacin da zafin ya faɗi kuma ƙafewar ta tsaya, girke-girke ne na ruɓewar kambi - wanda a cikin Phalaenopsis orchids yawanci yana mutuwa saboda suna girma daga wuri ɗaya na girma. Idan ruwa ya isa can, a busar da shi da tawul na takarda.

Hadin gwiwa: makarantu biyu, dukkansu suna aiki

Tsarin AOS yana gabatar da zane-zane guda biyu, kuma yana da kyau a san duka biyun domin suna hidimar ayyuka daban-daban:

Mataki na farko shine a yi amfani da dabarar da ke ɗauke da sinadarin nitrogen sau biyu a wata - kamar 30-10-10 - a lokacin girma, a canza zuwa dabarar da ke ɗauke da sinadarin phosphorus, kamar 10-30-20, a lokacin fure. Babban sinadarin nitrogen yana da ma'ana a cikin tushen bawon saboda ruɓewar bawon yana cinye sinadarin nitrogen.

Zabi na biyu shine kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na adadin da ake buƙata a kowace shayarwa , ana amfani da shi akai-akai, wanda ke aiki mafi kyau a cikin yanayi mai dumi da danshi inda ake yawan shayar da ruwa. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, shawarar ta ragu zuwa sau biyu a wata ta amfani da ƙaramin allurai.

Tsakanin su biyun, zan fi son na biyu ga masu farawa: ƙarancin shan magani akai-akai yana gafarta mantuwa kuma yana yin kurakurai kaɗan saboda yawan amfani da shi. Taki mai yawa yana ƙone tushen, kuma tushen Phalaenopsis da ya ƙone yana ɗaukar watanni kafin ya warke.

Sake dasawa: lokacin, kuma me yasa a lokacin bazara

Yawan da ake ba da shawarar shuka shi ne bayan kowace shekara ɗaya zuwa shekara uku , kuma a dasa shi kowace shekara. Abin da ke haifar da hakan ba shine kalanda ba, amma tushen shuka: idan bawon ya fara juyawa zuwa ƙasa kuma ya riƙe ruwa da yawa, saiwar ta shaƙe.

Lokacin da ya dace shine bazara, bayan fure . Wannan yana da ma'ana saboda dalilai biyu: shukar ta shiga matakin girma mai aiki kuma tana warkar da saiwoyin da suka ji rauni da sauri, kuma zagayowar fure ba ta ɓace ba. Sake shukar da toho har yanzu yana kan shukar ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi ta rasa furen.

Yi amfani da wani abu mai matsakaicin girma ga shuke-shuken da suka manyanta, da kuma wani mai ɗan ƙaramin girma ga shuke-shuke. Bayan an sake shukawa, a jira 'yan kwanaki kafin a fara shayar da su sosai don a bar duk wani yankewar tushe ya bushe—wannan yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar sabon rauni.

Tushen bayan fure ya faɗi: a yanka ko a'a a yanka?

Wannan ita ce tambayar da aka fi yawan yi, kuma amsar gaskiya ita ce: ya dogara da abin da shukar ke nunawa. Tushen da ya yi kore zai iya sake tsirowa ya kuma samar da furanni a reshen gefe—idan haka ne, ya cancanci a yanke shi kaɗan a sama da ƙulli a jira. Tushen da ya bushe ya yi launin ruwan kasa ba zai dawo ba, kuma a wannan yanayin, ya kamata a yanke shi a ƙasa.

Gargaɗin shine sake yin fure a kan tsohon tushe yawanci yana haifar da ƙananan furanni da ƙarancin furanni. Lokacin da shukar ta kasance ƙarama ko kuma ta fito daga dogon lokacin fure, zan yanke ta a ƙasa ko da har yanzu kore ce - bari ta zuba kuzari a cikin sabbin ganye da saiwoyi, kuma fure na gaba zai fi ƙarfi. Canja wuri ne tsakanin furanni yanzu da mafi kyawun shuka daga baya.

Kurakurai guda uku da ke kashe mafi yawan nau'ikan orchids na Phalaenopsis.

Tukunya mai ado ba tare da ramukan magudanar ruwa ba. Ruwa da ke taruwa a ƙasa yana sa tushen tushen ya jike har abada, yana haifar da ruɓewa daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Idan ana amfani da tukunya mai kariya, cire tukunyar da ke ciki kafin a ba da ruwa sannan a maye gurbinta kawai bayan duk ruwan ya bushe.

Ruwa a cikin corona da daddare. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, wannan shine kawai kuskuren da ke cikin wannan jerin wanda yawanci ba za a iya gyarawa ba.

Kankara mai siffar ice. Yana yawo a matsayin hanya mai amfani amma ba shi da kyau saboda dalilai biyu: AOS ya ba da shawarar a ba da ruwa mai ɗumi, yana gargaɗin cewa ruwan da ke ƙasa da 10°C zai iya cutar da shukar, kuma adadin kube ɗaya ba ya danshi a cikin ƙasa daidai gwargwado. Ana sayar da shi azaman dabara.

Me yasa ya kasance mafi kyawun farkon orchid.

Babu wani abu da ke sama da ke da wahala—kawai dai takamaiman ne. Phalaenopsis orchids suna jure yanayin zafi na rana iri-iri, suna karɓar hasken da yawancin gidaje ke da shi, kuma suna ba da gargaɗi a gaba idan wani abu ya faru, ta hanyar launin ganye da tushen sa. Idan aka kwatanta da Cymbidium, wanda ya ƙi yin fure idan zafin ya wuce 23,8°C a kowane lokaci, ko Vanda, wanda ke buƙatar rana mai ƙarfi da ruwa a kowace rana, a zahiri shine nau'in da ya fi dacewa da rayuwar gida ta gaske.

Idan dole ne in taƙaita shi a cikin jimloli biyu ga wanda ya sayi nasa na farko: shayar da shi da safe kuma kada a bar ruwa a kan kambin; kuma, a lokacin kaka, a bar shi ya kwana ƴan kwanaki a cikin sanyi idan kuna son ya sake fure. Sauran za ku koya ta hanyar lura da shukar.