Vanda: orchid ine midzi yakafumurwa inoda mvura yakawanda nechiedza chakawanda.

Vanda iorchid inokura yakarembera, ine midzi yayo isina chinhu yakavhurika mumhepo, isina hari kana chero chinhu chakagadzirwa. Kune avo vakauya kuorchid kuburikidza nePhalaenopsis, inoita seinopesana nezvose—asi ndiyo mhando inowirirana muboka: ndiyo inoda chiedza chakawanda, mvura yakawanda, uye kupisa kwakawanda, uye midzi yakavhurika ndiyo chaiyo inoita kuti izvi zvikwanisike.

Orchid inonyanya kufarirwa kupfuura dzose, iyo inoda chiedza chakawanda.

Mirayiridzo yekukura kweAmerican Orchid Society inoratidza 50 % kusvika 100% yezuva rakazara, kana kuti pamusoro pe53.750 lumens (5.000+ foot-candles) . Kuti ndikupe pfungwa: izvi zvinopfuura kaviri huwandu hunodiwa paCattleya (2.000-3.500 foot-candles) uye kanenge kashanu huwandu hunodiwa paPhalaenopsis (1.000-2.000 foot-candles).

Izvi zvinoita kuti orchid yeVanda isasvikike kune chero nzvimbo yekurima mumba. Ichirimwa chemabalcony asina kuvharwa, magadheni, matenga edzimba, kana magreenhouse—kwete panzvimbo dzemukati. Pepa reruzivo rechirimwa rinotaura kuti munzvimbo dziri pasi pe37th parallel, mumvuri we25% kusvika 35% ungangodiwa, izvo zvinoshanda munzvimbo zhinji dzeBrazil muzhizha: zuva rakazara zuva rese rinogona kuipisa pano.

Kupisa: ndiyo inonyanya kushivirira boka.

Iyo 41°C ndiyo yakanyanya kukwira pakati pemaruva eorchid anowanzo kurimwa, uye ndizvo zvinoita kuti Vanda ive sarudzo ine musoro kune mamiriro ekunze anopisa emunzvimbo dzinopisa. Zvakasiyana chaizvo neCymbidium, iyo inoramba kutumbuka kana ikapfuura 23,8°C chero nguva. Avo vanogara mumaguta anopisa uye vanogara vachinetseka nekupisa vane rudzi rwunoshanda zvakanaka pane kurwisa mamiriro ekunze.

Mvura zuva nezuva, ndizvozvo chete.

Mirayiridzo iri papepa iri yakatwasuka: mugreenhouse, diridzai zuva nezuva , zvisinei nekuti chirimwa chiri muhari, mudengu, kana kuti chakaiswa. Izvi hazvina kunyanya kunyanyisa kana kuti hazvina kuoma—nemidzi isina chinhu, mvura inongowanikwa chete ndiyo inosara mumidzi ine sipo mushure mekudiridza, uye inopera mukati memaawa mashoma.

Ichi ndicho chinodiwa chinobvisa mhando dzakawanda dzemhando iyi. Vanda haaregereri mavhiki ekupera kwevhiki. Avo vanofamba kazhinji uye vasina munhu wekudiridza zvirimwa zvavo zviri nani kusarudza mhando ine pseudobulb, seCattleya, inochengetedza mvura kwemavhiki.

Maitiro ekuziva nguva yakakodzera: midzi yeVanda yakanyorova inoshanduka kuita girini; painooma, inova sirivha-grey. Kana yave sirivha, inguva yasvika. Shandisa mvura inodziya nguva dzose — mirairo inonyevera kuti tembiricha iri pasi pe10°C inogona kukuvadza chirimwa.

Kurima pasina substrate, uye ruzivo rwakadzama rwemunyu weEpsom.

Maoriki eVanda anogona kurimwa asina chinhu chakagadzirwa nevhu , akaturikwa mudengu rakaboorwa, kana kuiswa muhari. Kana akaiswa muhari, zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvive nemakwati ari pakati nepakati kusvika pakaoma - uye mirairo yacho yakajeka: sphagnum moss haidiwi . Sphagnum moss inochengetedza mvura kwenguva yakareba pedyo nemidzi yeVanda orchids uye inoita kuti iore.

Chinhu chimwe chete chataurwa nezvacho chinofanira kuzivikanwa: kune zvirimwa zvisina midzi, AOS inokurudzira kushambira muEpsom salt solution nguva nenguva, kanenge kamwe chete pamwedzi . Munyu weEpsom imagnesium sulfate, uye pfungwa ndeyekuti avo vanorima vasina substrate havana zvinovaka muviri zvakachengetwa mukati mevhu—chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinofanira kuzadzwa nemvura. Ndiwo rudzi rwezvinhu zvinongoonekwa chete mukurima kusina substrate uye hazvina musoro muhari yenguva dzose.

Isa fetereza pahafu kusvika kuchikamu chimwe muzvina chedosi yakajairika, nguva nenguva panguva yekukura, uchishandisa fomura yakaringana ye20-20-20. Deredza kana kumisa fetereza munguva yechando. Fomura ine phosphorus yakawanda isarudzo muchirimo kuti ikurumidzise kutumbuka kwemaruva.

Mhando nhatu dzemashizha, uye chikonzero nei izvi zvichichinja zvinodiwa nezuva.

Mukati merudzi urwu mune mavara matatu emashizha, uye haasi kungoratidza runako chete - anoratidza kuti chirimwa chinogona kutsungirira chiedza chakadii.

Miti ine mashizha madiki , inonzi teretes, inoda zuva rakawanda: miti inobva munzvimbo dzakashama, inokura yakareba, uye haikodzeri kurimwa munzvimbo diki. Miti yakati sandara, ine mashizha ane ribhoni , inonzi strap-leaf, ndiyo inonyanya kuwanikwa pamusika uye inoshivirira mumvuri. Miti yesemi-teretes imhando dzakasiyana pakati pemapoka maviri uye inowira pakati, muchimiro uye zvinodiwa.

Kana uine bharukoni rine zuva rakati sandara panzvimbo pezuva rakazara, jira rine tambo rine mukana chaiwo uye terete pamwe haingatumbuke. Ndicho chinhu chekutanga chandingatarisa ndisati ndatenga.

Kunze kweizvi kunoshivirira mamiriro ekunze akapfava.

Zvakakosha kuziva Vanda coerulea , nekuti haifanani nerudzi rwemhando iyi. Iruva rine checkered blue-lilac, rinobva kunzvimbo dzakakwirira kuSoutheast Asia, uye nekudaro rinoshivirira tembiricha inotonhora kupfuura maVandas akajairika emunzvimbo dzinopisa.

Ndiyo zvakare hwaro hwemajini emhando yebhuruu hybrids iri kutengeswa—uye mhando idzi dzebhuruu hybrids dzinogara nhaka imwe yekutsungirira uku. Kune avo vanogara munzvimbo dzine mwaka wechando unotonhora uye vanoda kurima maVanda orchids, iyi ndiyo nzira yakakodzera kutsvagwa, pane kusimbirira pamhando dzemhando dzetropical chete.

Midzi yemudenga: usacheke, usaviga

Maokidhi eVanda anobereka midzi mirefu inokura kumativi ese, uye muedzo wekuaronga zvakanaka. Zvinhu zviviri zvausingafaniri kuita: kucheka midzi ine hutano, nekuti ndipo panowanikwa simba rese remuti rekunwa mvura nezvinovaka muviri; uye edza kuisa midzi yemudenga muhari ine makwati, nekuti midzi yakaumbwa mumhepo ine chimiro chakasiyana uye inoora kana yakavharirwa munzvimbo ine hunyoro.

Mudzi wakaoma, une mhango, unotyoka uye usina ruvara rwegirini mukati unogona kubviswa. Mubvunzo unogadziriswa nekudiridza: mudzi mhenyu unoshanduka kuita girini, mudzi wafa unoramba wakaita bhuruu.

Maitiro ekudiridza chirimwa zvakanaka pasina hari

"Kudiridza" orchid yeVanda isina midzi hakuna kufanana nekudiridza chirimwa chiri muhari, uye ndipo panokanganisa vanhu vazhinji nekuita zvishoma.

Kupfapfaidza hazvishande. Chinoshanda kunyikisa midzi kusvika yachinja ruvara — kubva paruvara rwesirivha kusvika paruvara rwegirini — uye izvozvo zvinotora nguva yakareba kupfuura zvinoita. Negaba rekudiridza, izvi zvinoreva kudira mvura kakawanda pamusoro pemudzi kwemaminitsi rimwe kana maviri, kwete kumhanya nekukurumidza. Vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza kunyudza chirimwa chose mubhaketi kwemaminitsi gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu, izvo zvinoita kuti mvura inyatsonaya.

Chinhu chikuru chekufunga nezvacho pakunyika chirimwa imvura inoungana pakati pemashizha mushure mezvo. Maoriki eVanda ane mashizha akarongwa mumitsara, uye mvura isingapindi mumashizha aya munzvimbo isina mhepo inoodza nzvimbo dzinokura. Mushure mekunyika, tenderedza chirimwa kuti mvura ibude.

Pamazuva anopisa zvikuru uye akaoma, kudiridza kaviri—mangwanani uye masikati—hazvina kunyanya kudiridza. Ndiwo chete rudzi rwakakurumbira uko izvi zvinogona kuonekwa setsika yakajairika.

Kudonha kweshizha pasi kwakajairika, kusvika pane imwe nguva.

Maokidhi eVanda anokura akamira, achiumba dzinde rimwe chete rinokura richikwira, uye rinorasikirwa nemashizha aro epasi nekufamba kwenguva. Kurasikirwa neshizha rekutanga dzimwe nguva, ratove yero, zvakajairika.

Chisingawanzoitika kurasikirwa nemashizha akawanda akatevedzana, kana kurasikirwa nemashizha achiri manyoro. Izvi zvinowanzoreva zvinhu zviviri: kupera mvura mumuviri nguva dzose — mudzi hausi kudiridzwa zvakakwana, izvo zvinowanzoitika kana uchipfapfaidza panzvimbo pekunyorova — kana kuora muhunde, iyo inoonekwa senzvimbo ine rima, yakapfava.

Nekufamba kwenguva, chirimwa chinokura uye chisina kunaka, chine dzinde rakawanda pasi. Mhinduro inogamuchirwa ndeyekucheka chikamu chepamusoro chine midzi yaro yemudenga wochidyarazve sembeu itsva—hwaro hwasara hunowanzo merazve. Zvakanakisisa kuita izvi munguva yekukura, kwete kana chirimwa chatanga kutumbuka.

Kune avo Vanda vane musoro here?

Iyi orchid ndiyo sarudzo yakakwana mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo: bharukoni kana chivanze chine zuva rakasimba, mamiriro ekunze anodziya, uye mumwe munhu ari kumba anoidiridza zuva nezuva. Muchiitiko ichi, ndeimwe yemaruva akawanda aripo, ane maruva makuru, mavara akajeka, uye maruva anotumbuka kakawanda.

Kunze kwemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hapana nzvimbo yepakati. Kusakwana kwechiedza kunoidzivirira kuti isatumbuke, uye kusadiridza nguva nenguva kunoita kuti iome nekukurumidza nekuti haina nzvimbo yainochengeterwa. Handingakurudzire kuti ive mufurati risina bharukoni, kana kune munhu anofamba-famba zvakanyanya—haisi nyaya yehunyanzvi, inyaya yekusawirirana nguva dzose.