I-Vanda: i-orchid enomngxuma ovulekileyo efuna amanzi nokukhanya okungakumbi.

I-Vanda yi-orchid ekhuliswa ijinga, iingcambu zayo zingenanto zityhileke emoyeni, ngaphandle kwembiza okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwesityalo. Kwabo bafike kwi-orchids nge-Phalaenopsis, kubonakala ngathi iyaphikisana nayo yonke into—kodwa yeyona genus ihambelanayo kwiqela: yileyo ifuna ukukhanya okuninzi, amanzi amaninzi, kunye nobushushu obuninzi, kwaye iingcambu ezityhilekileyo zezona kanye ezenza oku kwenzeke.

Eyona orchid idumileyo kuzo zonke, leyo ifuna ukukhanya okukhulu.

Izikhokelo zokukhula ze-American Orchid Society zibonisa ukuba ilanga elipheleleyo lifikelela kuma-50 % ukuya kwi-100%, okanye ngaphezulu kwama-53.750 lumens (amakhandlela eenyawo angaphezu kwama-5.000) . Ukukunika umbono: oko kungaphezulu kabini kunomlinganiselo ofunekayo kwiCattleya (amakhandlela eenyawo angama-2.000-3.500) kwaye malunga nesihlanu kunomlinganiselo ofunekayo kwiPhalaenopsis (amakhandlela eenyawo ayi-1.000-2.000).

Oku kwenza iVanda orchid ingabi nakufikeleleka phantse kuzo zonke iindawo ezilinywa ngaphakathi. Sisityalo seebalcony ezingagqunywanga, iiyadi zangasemva, uphahla, okanye iigreenhouse—hayi kwiindawo zangaphakathi. Iphepha lolwazi lesityalo lithi kwiindawo ezingaphantsi komgca we-37, umthunzi we-25% ukuya kwi-35% unokufuneka, nto leyo esebenza kuninzi lweBrazil ehlotyeni: ilanga elipheleleyo imini yonke linokuyitshisa apha.

Ubushushu: yeyona inyamezelayo kwiqela.

Loo maqondo obushushu angama-41°C ngawona aphezulu kakhulu phakathi kwee-orchids ezityalwa rhoqo, kwaye yiloo nto eyenza iVanda ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezishushu zasetropiki. Luyahluke ngokupheleleyo kwiCymbidium, engavumiyo ukuqhakaza ukuba idlula kuma-23,8°C nangaliphi na ixesha. Abo bahlala kwizixeko ezishushu kwaye bahlala besokola ngamaqondo obushushu apha banohlobo olusebenza kakuhle kwimozulu endaweni yokuchasana nayo.

Nika amanzi yonke imihla, yiloo nto.

Imiyalelo ekwileyibhile icacile: kwindawo yokugcina izityalo, nkcenkceshela yonke imihla , nokuba isityalo sisembizeni, engobozini, okanye sifakwe. Oku akugqithisi kwaye akuncedi—ngeengcambu ezingenanto, amanzi afumanekayo kuphela koko kuseleyo kwiingcambu ezithambileyo emva kokunkcenkceshela, kwaye oku kuyaphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa.

Le yimfuno esusa uninzi lwazo zonke iintlobo zezityalo. UVanda akaxoleli ukuya kwiimpelaveki. Abo bahamba rhoqo kwaye bengenamntu wokunkcenkceshela izityalo zabo kungcono bakhethe uhlobo olune-pseudobulb, njengeCattleya, egcina amanzi kangangeeveki.

Indlela yokuchonga ixesha elifanelekileyo: Iingcambu zeVanda ezimanzi zijika zibe luhlaza; njengoko zoma, ziba ngwevu-silivere. Xa zonke zimhlophe, lixesha. Sebenzisa amanzi afudumeleyo rhoqo — imiyalelo ilumkisa ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-10°C anokonakalisa isityalo.

Ukukhula ngaphandle kwe-substrate, kunye neenkcukacha zetyuwa ye-Epsom.

Ii-orchids zeVanda zingakhuliswa ngaphandle kwesiseko , zixhonywe kwingobozi enemingxuma, okanye zifakwe. Ukuba zifakwe embizeni, ingcebiso iphakathi ukuya kwixolo elirhabaxa - kwaye imiyalelo icacile: i-sphagnum moss ayifuneki . I-Sphagnum moss igcina amanzi ixesha elide kufutshane neengcambu zee-orchids zeVanda kwaye ibangela ukuba zibole.

Ingcaciso enye engakhankanywanga kakhulu ekufuneka uyazi: kwizityalo ezingenazo iingcambu, i-AOS icebisa ukuhlamba rhoqo kwisisombululo setyuwa ye-Epsom, malunga kanye ngenyanga . Ityuwa ye-Epsom yi-magnesium sulfate, kwaye ingqiqo kukuba abo balima ngaphandle kwe-substrate abanazo izondlo ezigciniweyo kwindawo leyo—into nganye kufuneka izaliswe ngamanzi. Luhlobo lwenkcukacha oluvela kuphela ekulimeni okungenazo i-substrate kwaye alunantsingiselo embizeni eqhelekileyo.

Faka isichumiso kwisiqingatha ukuya kwikota yedosi eqhelekileyo, rhoqo ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo, usebenzisa ifomula elinganiselayo ye-20-20-20. Nciphisa okanye uyeke ukuchumisa ebusika. Ifomula etyebileyo ye-phosphorus iyimfuneko entwasahlobo ukuze ikhuthaze ukudubula kweentyatyambo.

Iintlobo ezintathu zamagqabi, kunye nesizathu sokuba oku kutshintsha imfuneko yelanga.

Ngaphakathi kolu hlobo kukho iimilo ezintathu zamagqabi, kwaye aziyonto nje yobuhle — zibonisa ukuba isityalo sinokunyamezela ukukhanya okungakanani.

Izityalo ezinamagqabi aluhlaza , ezibizwa ngokuba ziiterete, zifuna ilanga elininzi: zizityalo ezivela kwiindawo ezivulekileyo, zikhula zibe nde, kwaye azifanelekanga kakhulu ukulinywa kwiindawo ezincinci. Izityalo ezithe tyaba, ezinamagqabi aneribhoni , ezibizwa ngokuba yi-strap-leaf, zezona zixhaphakileyo kwimarike kwaye zinyamezela umthunzi othile. Iisemi-terete zii-hybrids phakathi kwamaqela amabini kwaye ziphakathi, zombini ngokwemilo kunye neemfuno.

Ukuba unebalcony enelanga elingaphelelanga endaweni yelanga elipheleleyo, igqabi elinomtya linethuba lokwenene kwaye i-terete mhlawumbi ayizukudubula. Yiloo nto yokuqala endingayijonga ngaphambi kokuba ndiyithenge.

Imeko eyahlukileyo enyamezela imozulu epholileyo.

Kufanelekile ukwazi iVanda coerulea , kuba ayifani neprofayili eqhelekileyo yohlobo. Luhlobo lweentyatyambo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluvela kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia, kwaye ngenxa yoko lunyamezela amaqondo obushushu abandayo kuneeVandas eziqhelekileyo zaseTropiki.

Ikwayisiseko semfuza senxalenye enkulu yee-blue hybrids ezithengiswayo—kwaye ezi hybrids zizuza inxalenye yolu tshintsho. Kwabo bahlala kwiindawo ezinobusika obubandayo kwaye bafuna ukulima ii-orchids zeVanda, le yindlela efanelekileyo yokuyihlola, endaweni yokugxininisa kwintlobo yezityalo ezihlala kwiindawo ezishushu kuphela.

Iingcambu zasemoyeni: musa ukuzisika, musa ukuzingcwaba

Ii-orchids zeVanda zivelisa iingcambu ezinde ezikhula kuzo zonke iindlela, kwaye isilingo sokuzihlela sikhulu. Izinto ezimbini ongafanele uzenze: ukunqumla iingcambu eziphilileyo, kuba kulapho amandla onke esityalo okufunxa amanzi kunye nezondlo egxile khona; kwaye uzame ukufaka iingcambu zomoya ngaphakathi kwimbiza enexolo, kuba iingcambu ezivele emoyeni zinesakhiwo esahlukileyo kwaye ziyabola xa zivalelwe kwindawo enomswakama.

Ingcambu eyomileyo, engenanto iqhekekayo kwaye ingenambala oluhlaza ngaphakathi ingasuswa. Lo mbuzo usonjululwa ngokunkcenkceshela: ingcambu ephilayo ijika ibe luhlaza, ingcambu efileyo ihlala inombala oluhlaza.

Indlela yokunkcenkceshela isityalo ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kwembiza

"Ukunkcenkceshela" i-orchid yeVanda engenangcambu akufani nokunkcenkceshela isityalo esisembizeni, kwaye kulapho uninzi lwabantu luphazama khona ngokwenza okuncinci kakhulu.

Ukutshiza akusebenzi. Okusebenzayo kukumanzisa iingcambu zide zitshintshe umbala — ukusuka kwisilivere-ngwevu ukuya kuluhlaza — kwaye oko kuthatha ixesha elide kunokuba kubonakala. Ngetini yokunkcenkceshela, oku kuthetha ukuntywilisela amanzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo phezu kweengcambu umzuzu omnye okanye emibini, kungekhona ijethi ekhawulezayo. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuntywilisela isityalo sonke kwibhakethi imizuzu elishumi ukuya kwelishumi elinesihlanu, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukuba amanzi ayalingana.

Ingongoma ephambili ekufuneka uyiqwalasele xa ufaka isityalo emanzini ngamanzi aqokelelana phakathi kwamagqabi emva koko. Ii-orchids zeVanda zinamagqabi acwangciswe ngemigca, kwaye amanzi amileyo kula magqabi akwiindawo ezingenamoya aya kubolisa iindawo ezikhulayo. Emva kokusifaka emanzini, sityebise isityalo ukuze amanzi aphume.

Ngeentsuku ezishushu kakhulu nezomileyo, ukunkcenkceshela kabini—kusasa nasemva kwemini—akugqithisi. Lolona hlobo ludumileyo apho oku kunokuthathwa njengesiqhelo.

Ukuwa kwegqabi ezantsi kuyinto eqhelekileyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.

Ii-orchids zeVanda zikhula ngokuthe nkqo, zenze isiqu esinye esikhula siye phezulu, kwaye ngokwendalo silahlekelwa ngamagqabi azo asezantsi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukulahlekelwa ligqabi elisezantsi ngamanye amaxesha, sele lityheli, kuyinto eqhelekileyo.

Okungaqhelekanga kukulahlekelwa ngamagqabi aliqela ngokulandelelana, okanye ukulahlekelwa ngamagqabi aluhlaza. Oku kudla ngokubonisa izinto ezimbini: ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni rhoqo - ingcambu ayinkcenkceshelwa ngokwaneleyo, into eqhelekileyo xa kutshizwa endaweni yokumanzisa - okanye ukubola kwisiqu, esibonakala njengendawo emnyama, ethambileyo.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isityalo siba side kwaye singabi mhle, sinesiqu esingenanto ngaphantsi. Isisombululo esamkelekileyo kukunqumla inxalenye ephezulu eneengcambu zayo ezingaphakathi uze uyityale kwakhona njengesityalo esitsha—isiseko esiseleyo sihlala sikhula kwakhona. Kungcono ukwenza oku ngexesha lokukhula, kungekhona xa isityalo sisandula ukudubula.

Kwabo bacinga ukuba uVanda unentsingiselo?

Le orchid yeyona ifanelekileyo kwimeko ethile: ibhalkhoni okanye igadi yangasemva enelanga elinamandla, imozulu efudumeleyo, kunye nomntu ohlala ekhaya ukuyinkcenkceshela yonke imihla. Kule meko, yenye yezona orchid zininzi ezikhoyo, ineentyatyambo ezinkulu, umbala oqaqambileyo, kunye neentyatyambo eziphindaphindwayo.

Ngaphandle kwaloo meko, akukho ndawo iphakathi. Ukukhanya okunganeleyo kuyayithintela ekudubuleni, kwaye ukunkcenkceshela okungaxhaphakanga kubangela ukuba iphelelwe ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza kuba ayinazo iindawo zokugcina amanzi. Andiyi kuyicebisa kwiflethi engenabhalkhoni, okanye kumntu ohamba kakhulu—ayisiyonto yobuchule, yingxaki yokungahambelani rhoqo.