Malo akuda pa tsamba la orchid: bowa kapena mabakiteriya, momwe angachiritsire?
Madontho akuda pamasamba a orchid ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe kuchita zinthu mwachangu komanso moyenera si chinthu chimodzi. Bowa ndi mabakiteriya amapanga madontho omwe amawoneka ofanana poyamba, koma amakula mofulumira kwambiri ndipo amafuna njira zosiyanasiyana—ndipo kuchiza mabakiteriya ngati bowa kungapangitse chomera kuwononga ndalama.
Nkhaniyi ikunena za kusiyanitsa: momwe mungalekanitsire ziwirizi mkati mwa maola 24, choti muchite pa nkhani iliyonse, komanso momwe mungasandutsire chomera chimodzi chodwala kukhala zisanu.
Kusiyana komwe kumasankha chilichonse: liwiro.
Musanaganizire za mtundu, mawonekedwe, kapena kapangidwe kake, yang'anani nyengo. Ndi njira yodalirika komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Matenda a bakiteriya amakula mofulumira. Mutha kuona kusiyana kuchokera tsiku lina kupita ku lina, ndipo pazochitika zoopsa, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. Ndi vuto lenileni ladzidzidzi.
Matenda a bowa amakula pang'onopang'ono , pakapita milungu ingapo. Muli ndi nthawi yoti muyang'ane ndikusankha zochita popanda kufulumira.
Mayeso othandiza: lembani m'mphepete mwa chilondacho ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika ndipo yang'anani patatha maola 24. Ngati bangalo lafalikira moonekera kupitirira chizindikirocho, litengeni ngati matenda a bakiteriya ndipo chitanipo kanthu lero. Ngati likadali momwemo, muli ndi mwayi wopeza.
Kuyesaku sikuwononga ndalama ndipo kumathetsa kukayikira kwakukulu. Imwani musanagule chinthucho.
Zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino
| Nkhani | Bakiteriya | Bowa |
|---|---|---|
| Liwiro | maola mpaka masiku | masabata |
| Maonekedwe | nsalu yoviikidwa, yophikidwa | chouma |
| Bolodi | wosasinthasintha, wokhala ndi kamvekedwe konyowa | zofotokozedwa, nthawi zina ndi mphete |
| Mukakanikiza | Zofewa, zopatsa mphamvu, zimatha kugwira ntchito. | olimba |
| Kununkhira | nthawi zambiri zosasangalatsa | wopanda fungo |
| Kufulumira | kuchitapo kanthu tsiku lomwelo | N'zotheka kuona |
Chizindikiro cha fungo sichimaonedwa ngati chapadera ndipo ndi chachindunji: matenda a bakiteriya m'minofu yofewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi fungo looneka pafupi. Matenda a bowa alibe.
Ndipo mayeso owunikira kukhudza kwa mphamvu: mabakiteriya amasiya minofu yomata ndipo imabala zipatso; bowa amasiya malo ouma ndipo amakana.
Musanalandire chithandizo: tsimikizani kuti ndi matenda.
Zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimafanana ndi matenda koma sizili choncho, ndipo kuchiza zonse ziwiri ndi mankhwala omwewo ndi kuwononga ndalama popanda zotsatirapo zake.
Kupsa ndi dzuwa. Malo owala kapena achikasu omwe pambuyo pake amadetsedwa, kuuma, ali ndi malire omveka bwino, ndipo nthawi zonse amaonekera mbali ya nkhope yomwe inali kuyang'anizana ndi dzuwa. Kusiyana kwake ndi kwakuti sakula pambuyo poti aonekera, ndipo kuwonongekako ndi kosatha—sikungachiritsidwe, koma kungosinthidwa.
Kuwotcha kwa mchere kapena feteleza. Kuda komwe kumayambira kumapeto kwa tsamba ndikupitirira mkati, kuukira masamba akale poyamba. Ndi komwe nthawi zambiri kumasokonezedwa ndi matenda. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kutsuka pansi bwino ndi madzi abwino ndikusintha sing'anga—mankhwala ophera bowa sagwira ntchito pano.
Ngati simukudziwa ngati ndi matenda kapena chimodzi mwa izi, njira yonse yowunikira pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro ili mu bukhu lothandizira kuzindikira matenda pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro , lomwe limalongosola zomwe zimayambitsa malinga ndi kuthekera.
Kusamalira mabakiteriya: maola ochepa oyamba
Mwa dongosolo ili, ndipo popanda kulumpha masitepe aliwonse.
Tengani chomeracho kutali ndi zina zonse zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa. Mabakiteriya amafalikira kudzera m'madzi omwe amathiridwa ndi kukhudzana—chomera chodwala pafupi ndi chathanzi chimatanthauza kuti chimaipitsidwa nthawi zonse.
Siyani kuthirira kuchokera pamwamba. Madzi otsikira pansi pa tsamba amanyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kupita ku minofu yathanzi ya chomera chomwecho komanso zomera zapafupi.
Dulani ndi malire. Apa ndi pomwe zolakwa zambiri zimachitika: musadule m'mphepete mwa chotupacho. Pitani pafupifupi sentimita imodzi mu minofu yomwe ikuwoneka bwino, chifukwa matendawa amapitirira patsogolo pa zomwe zikuwoneka.
Thirani tsamba musanagwiritse ntchito komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito. Ndipo ngati mukudula zomera zingapo, litenthetseni pakati pa kudula kulikonse.
Lolani bala liume kwa maola angapo pamalo opumira bwino kutali ndi dzuwa musanagwiritse ntchito chilichonse. Chilonda chonyowa chomwe chimasungidwa m'nyumba chidzabwezeretsanso mkhalidwe womwe mukufuna kuchotsa.
Kupaka ufa wa sinamoni kapena phala lochiritsa pamalo odulidwa ndi njira yodziwika bwino pakati pa alimi ngati chotchinga choteteza bala. Si mankhwala ochizira matenda—ndi chitetezo cha kudulako.
Yang'anirani kwa milungu iwiri musanabwerere ku chiweto. Kubwerezabwereza m'mphepete mwa kudula n'kofala ndipo kumafuna kudula kwatsopano, komwe kuli ndi malire akulu kuposa oyamba.
Chithandizo cha bowa
Popeza kupita patsogolo kumachedwa, dongosolo limasintha: choyamba konzani malo, kenako fufuzani zomwe zagulitsidwa.
Chotsani tsamba kapena gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ngati malowo ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso opezeka pamalopo. Nthawi zambiri, izi pamodzi ndi kukonza chilengedwe kumathetsa vutoli.
Wonjezerani mpweya wabwino. Bowa pa maluwa a orchid nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha mpweya wosasunthika wokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Popanda kukonza izi, mankhwalawa amachiritsa vutolo ndipo lotsatira limatsatira.
Unikani nthawi yanu yothirira. Kuthirira kumapeto kwa tsiku kumasiya masamba ndi nthaka yonyowa usiku wonse, komwe ndi zenera lomwe bowa limakula. Thirirani m'mawa.
Mankhwala ophera bowa, ngati matendawa akupitirira. Tsatirani malangizo a wopanga, pa kuchepetsedwa kwa mankhwala komwe kwasonyezedwa, osati pa gulu lonse la zomera—pa chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa chokha.
Kuyeretsa tsamba: momwe mungachitire bwino
Gawoli lilipo chifukwa ndi sitepe yomwe nthawi zambiri imadumphadumpha ndipo imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa kwambiri—ndi njira yokhayo yopewera kachilomboka, komwe kulibe mankhwala.
Lawi ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri. Kutenthetsa tsamba pa lawi ndikulola kuti lizizire kumawononga mavairasi. Ndikofunikira ngati pali kukayikira kulikonse kwa mavairasi m'gululi.
Mowa wa 70% umagwira ntchito polimbana ndi mabakiteriya ndi bowa , koma siwodalirika polimbana ndi mavairasi. Ndi woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, koma sukwanira pa milandu yokayikiridwa kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba latsopano lotayidwa pa chomera chilichonse ndi njira yosavuta yothetsera vutoli pogwira ntchito ndi zomera zingapo—kumathetsa vutoli popanda kudalira njira yodziwira.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri: kuyeretsa mbewu kuyenera kuchitika pakati pa zomera , osati pachiyambi cha ntchito. Kudula zomera zisanu ndi lumo loyera lomwelo pachiyambi ndiyo njira yachangu kwambiri yosinthira vuto limodzi kukhala zisanu.
Tsukaninso kauntala pambuyo pake, ndipo musagwiritsenso ntchito nthaka ya zomera yomwe yaola.
Chifukwa chake chinaonekera, ndi momwe mungapewere kuchibwerezanso.
Matendawa sabwera mwadzidzidzi. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala chifukwa china, ndipo kuzindikira matendawa ndiko kumalepheretsa kubwereranso.
Mpweya wosasunthika wokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri ndiye chifukwa chachikulu. Ngati mwawonjezera chinyezi popanda kuwonjezera mpweya, ndiye kuti mwapanga izi.
Thirirani madzi kumapeto kwa tsiku , kusiya masamba onyowa usiku wonse.
Madzi omwe amasonkhana m'makona a korona kapena masamba , makamaka mu Phalaenopsis, nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa.
Chilonda chosatetezedwa — tsamba losweka, kudula mitengo, kusamalira kuwonongeka. Umu ndi momwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowera.
Chomera chatsopano chopanda kuika kwaokha. Masabata awiri kapena anayi olekanitsa ndi omwe amaletsa vuto logulidwa kuti lisalowe mwachindunji m'gululi.
Banga pa tsamba lakale silingakhale kanthu.
Ndikoyenera kuganizira za njira yotsutsana nayo, chifukwa chosiyana ndi kusasamala chilinso ndi mtengo wake: kulowererapo kosafunikira pa chomera chathanzi.
Tsamba lakale kwambiri pa maluwa aliwonse a orchid limakalamba ndipo limafa — ndi nthawi yachibadwa, osati matenda. Panjira imeneyi, nthawi zambiri limakhala lachikasu ndipo limapanga malo amdima lisanaume kwathunthu.
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa kukalamba ndi matenda: kukalamba kumachitika mu tsamba lakale kwambiri, limodzi ndi limodzi , pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri kuyambira kumapeto kapena pansi, ndipo chomera chimapitiriza kupanga kukula kwatsopano mwachizolowezi.
Matendawa sasiyanitsa kutengera zaka za masamba, amatha kuwoneka pa masamba angapo nthawi imodzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi chizindikiro china - kukula kwa zomera movutikira, mizu yofooka, ndi fungo.
Ngati chomeracho chikutulutsa masamba kapena mizu yatsopano ndipo tsamba lakale kwambiri lokha ndi lomwe likuwonetsa zizindikiro za vuto, n'zotheka kuti palibe chochizira. Dulani tsambalo likauma ndipo pitirizani kuliyang'anitsitsa.
Musatenge zinthu zonse ngati njira yodzitetezera.
Mukawona chomera chikuonetsa zizindikiro za madontho, nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera fungicide pa zomera zonse "kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwina." Izi sizithandiza kwenikweni ndipo zingawonjezere mavuto.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kufalikira kwa matenda kumaika zomera zathanzi pa zinthu zomwe sizikufunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale poizoni wa zomera, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kumawonjezera kukana matenda.
Chomwe chimaletsa matenda ndi kusamalira bwino: mpweya wabwino, kuthirira m'mawa, kupewa kunyowetsa korona, kuyika zomera zatsopano m'malo otetezedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyeretsera, ndi kuwunika sabata iliyonse. Palibe chilichonse mwa izi chomwe chikuphatikizapo mankhwala aliwonse.
Pamene chomeracho sichingathe kukonzedwanso
Zinthu ziwiri zomwe njira yeniyeni ndiyo kungonyalanyaza vutoli m'malo mongolimbikira.
Korona imawola mu chomera chimodzi chokha. Zomera za Phalaenopsis ndi Vanda zimakula kuchokera pa mfundo imodzi—popanda iyo, palibe malo oti kumerenso kuchitike, pokhapokha ngati keiki (korona) yapangidwa kale.
Kachilombo kokayikiridwa. Madontho, mikwingwirima, kapena mphete zofanana ndi za mosaic pa minofu si matenda ochiritsika. Palibe mankhwala, ndipo chomeracho ndi gwero la kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zonse pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo.
Kupatula pa milandu iwiriyi, maluwa a orchid amachira bwino kwambiri kuposa momwe amaonekera. Chomera chomwe chataya masamba angapo koma chasunga mizu yake chidzabwerera pakatha nyengo imodzi kapena ziwiri.
Mwachidule
Ikani chizindikiro m'mphepete mwake ndipo yang'anani mkati mwa maola 24: ngati yakula, ndi mabakiteriya ndipo muyenera kuiwona lero; ngati sinakule, ndi bowa ndipo muli ndi nthawi. Musanachite zimenezo, pewani kupsa ndi dzuwa ndi kupsa ndi mchere, zomwe zimafanana ndi izi koma sizili zofanana.
Dulani ndi m'mphepete, sakanizani pakati pa zomera, lolani mpweya uume pa bala. Ndipo konzani zomwe zathandiza - mpweya wabwino ndi nthawi yothirira - chifukwa kuchiza popanda kusintha zinthu kumangochedwetsa gawo lotsatira.
