Kupsa ndi dzuwa pa maluwa a orchid: momwe mungapewere kuwonongeka kosatha kumeneku.

Kupsa ndi dzuwa kuli ndi khalidwe limodzi lomwe limasiyanitsa ndi vuto lina lililonse la maluwa a orchid: silingasinthe . Bowa amatha kuchiritsidwa, tizilombo timachotsedwa, ndipo mizu yowola imabwezeretsedwanso. Minofu yopsa ndi dzuwa yafa ndipo sidzabweranso.

Chifukwa chake, nkhaniyi ikunena zambiri za kupewa komanso kusasokoneza ndi matenda osati chithandizo - chifukwa chithandizo, potanthauza kubwezeretsa tsamba, sichilipo.

Momwe mungazindikire, ndi chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Vuto lenileni ndi kusokoneza ndi matenda. Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera fungicide pamoto, zinthu zotayidwa, ndipo amanena kuti "sizinagwire ntchito"—pomwe panalibe chilichonse chomwe chikanagwira ntchito pamenepo.

Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi chimodzimodzi monga nthawi zonse: lembani m'mphepete mwa cholembera ndikuyang'ana patatha maola 24. Kupsa kudzakhalabe chimodzimodzi. Matenda adzafalikira kupitirira chizindikirocho.

Malo ake amasonyezanso kuti pali vuto. Mabala amoto amaonekera mbali ya tsamba lomwe limayang'ana dzuwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri pa zomera zonse zomwe zinali pamalo omwewo—chinthu chomwe kachilomboka sikamachita mofanana.

Kuwonekera m'magawo

Kuzindikira msanga kumakupatsani mwayi wosuntha chomeracho chisanawononge masamba ena.

Chizindikiro choyamba: malo oyera, achikasu, kapena ofiira, osasintha mawonekedwe. Pa nthawiyi, tsamba limapanikizika, koma minofu ikhoza kukhalabe bwino.

Chotsatira: malo ouma amakhala ngati pepala ndipo amadetsedwa, kukhala bulauni kapena pafupifupi wakuda, ndi m'mphepete mwake.

Pamapeto pake: malo otupawo amakhala okhazikika. Samameranso, komanso sachira.

Ngati mwaigwira pagawo loyamba, kusuntha chomera kungakhale kokwanira kuti chisapitirire patsogolo. Ndi mwayi wokhawo womwe zochita zimasintha zotsatira zake.

Kodi jenda lililonse lingathe kupirira dzuwa lochuluka bwanji?

Palibe chinthu chotchedwa "orchids sangakhale padzuwa." Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wawo, ndipo kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu—ndicho chifukwa chake malo omwewo m'nyumba amatha kutentha chomera chimodzi ndikupangitsa china kuphuka.

Ma chart awa akuchokera ku malangizo a ulimi a American Orchid Society , chimodzi pa mtundu uliwonse.

Kutembenuka kwa hemispheric komwe kumayambitsa kupsa

Ichi ndi tsatanetsatane womwe umayambitsa kupsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akutsatira malangizo olondola, ndipo sichinatchulidwepo m'mawu omasuliridwa.

Malangizo aku America amalimbikitsa kuyang'ana pazenera poganizira za Northern Hemisphere. Kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo zimagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi m'magawo onse awiri —dzuwa limatuluka ndi kulowa mbali zomwezo. Koma kumpoto ndi kum'mwera zimasinthasintha.

Pamene mawu aku America akunena kuti "zenera lakum'mwera" amatanthauza zenera lowala kwambiri, ku Brazil zenera lowala kwambiri ndi zenera lakumpoto . Ndipo pamene akunena kuti "zenera lakumpoto" amatanthauza njira yobisika, apa pali zenera lofanana ndi lakum'mwera.

Aliyense amene amawerenga mawu akuti "ikani pawindo loyang'ana kumpoto kuti mumve mthunzi" ndipo amachita zimenezo ku Brazil, akuika chomeracho pamalo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba. Zikutsimikizika kuti chidzawotcha chomera chosavuta kumva.

Chiwopsezo chikakhala chachikulu

Masana m'chilimwe. Dzuwa la masana m'chilimwe cha ku Brazil limatentha ngakhale masamba a zomera zomwe zimakonda kuwala kwamphamvu. Dzuwa la m'mawa mpaka pafupifupi 10 koloko ndi lotetezeka kwambiri kuposa dzuwa kuyambira 11 mpaka 3 koloko.

Galasi limakulitsa malo. Tsamba lokanikizidwa pagalasi limalandira kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo galasi limaletsa mpweya wopuma womwe ungachotse kutenthako. Lisunthireni kutali masentimita angapo.

Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa malo. Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri komanso chosaganiziridwa bwino. Chomera chomwe chimakhala mumthunzi ndikusunthidwa mwachindunji kudzuwa chimayaka, ngakhale m'malo omwe chikanatha kupirira chikanakhala chozolowereka.

Masamba onyowa padzuwa. Madontho amagwira ntchito ngati magalasi ang'onoang'ono, akuunikira malo enaake. Ichi ndi chifukwa china chothirira m'mawa kwambiri, osati pakati pa tsiku.

Pambuyo podula mtengo , mukulima panja. Chomeracho, chomwe chimakhala mumthunzi, chimaonekera mwadzidzidzi, ndipo kuwonongeka kumachitika patangopita masiku ochepa.

Acclimate: momwe mungawonjezere kuwala popanda kudziwotcha nokha

Ngati mwaganiza kuti chomeracho chikufunika kuwala kwambiri—chifukwa sichikutulutsa maluwa, kapena chifukwa masamba ake ndi obiriwira kwambiri—kukula kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono.

Njira yake ndi yosavuta: pang'onopang'ono onjezerani kuwala kwa masamba kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu . Yambani ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa ola limodzi, kenako kwa ola lachiwiri, ndikuyang'anira mtundu wa masamba.

Tsamba ndiye chizindikiro. Kubiriwira kwambiri kumasonyeza kuwala kosakwanira. Kubiriwira kopepuka, nthawi zina kokhala ndi mtundu wachikasu kapena wofiira m'mphepete, ndiye malo oberekera. Madontho oyera amasonyeza kuchulukirachulukira—kubwerera m'mbuyo.

Kuzolowera kumagwiranso ntchito pa zomera zomwe zangogulidwa kumene. Ngati zachokera ku greenhouse yokhala ndi mthunzi wowongoleredwa, kupita molunjika pawindo lowala kudzaziwotcha.

Kuphimba: kuchuluka kwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito

Pakulima panja, ukonde wa mthunzi ndiye njira yokhazikika, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ukonde kuyenera kufanana ndi mitundu ya zomera. Ukondewo umagulitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka.

30% ndi yoyenera mitundu ya zomera zowala kwambiri, monga Vanda ndi Cymbidium, m'malo omwe dzuwa silikutentha kwambiri kapena m'malo omwe ali kale ndi mthunzi pang'ono masana.

50% ndiye mtengo wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo ndi womwe umagwirizana ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana — Cattleya, Oncidium, Dendrobium. Ngati mukugula imodzi yokha, iyi ndi yomwe.

70% ya mitundu yokonda mthunzi: Phalaenopsis, Paphiopedilum, ndi mitundu ya zomera zokwera kwambiri.

Mu ulimi womangidwa ndi mitengo, denga limagwira ntchito imeneyi - chomwe chimasintha equation ndichakuti denga limasiyana malinga ndi nyengo ya mitengo yomwe imataya masamba ake, ndipo kudulira kumatha kuchotsa mthunzi nthawi imodzi.

Kuwala kochita kupanga kumayakanso.

Pali lingaliro lolakwika lakuti ma LED ndi otetezeka chifukwa satentha ngati mababu akale. Amatentha pang'ono, koma mphamvu ya kuwala pa mtunda waufupi ndi yokwanira kuwononga.

Kutalika koyenera koyika ndi kusunga chowunikira pakati pa masentimita 30 ndi 60 pamwamba pa chomera, ndikuchisintha malinga ndi mphamvu ya magetsi. Masamba akakhudza mwachindunji kapena masentimita ochepa kuchokera ku gwero la kuwala amapangitsa kuwala kukhala koyera.

Chizindikirocho ndi chofanana ndi cha kuwala kwa dzuwa: kusintha kwa mtundu kumbali yomwe ikuyang'ana kuwala, mbali yomwe ili pafupi ndi gwero. Ndipo lamulo lomwelo lozolowera limagwiranso ntchito — ngati muwonjezera mphamvu kapena kusuntha chowunikira pafupi, chitani pang'onopang'ono.

Chochita ndi tsamba lopsa

Yankho lake limatsutsana ndi zomwe munthu akufuna: nthawi zambiri, musadule.

Ngakhale ndi gawo lotupa, tsamba lotsalalo limapitiriza kupanga photosynthesis ndikudyetsa chomera. Kuduladula kumachotsa minofu yomwe ikugwirabe ntchito ndikupanga bala—lomwe ndi poyambira matenda.

Ndikoyenera kuchotsa chomeracho m'njira ziwiri zokha: ngati malo omwe apsa ndi akulu kwambiri kotero kuti tsamba silinatsale ndi minofu yobiriwira, kapena ngati malo omwe apsa ayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro za matenda ena, omwe amawoneka ngati malo onyowa komanso ofewa ochokera m'mphepete mouma.

Ngati mwadula, chitani izi ndi tsamba loyeretsedwa ndipo lolani bala liume mpweya musanabwezeretse chomera pamalo pake.

Chofunika ndi chomwe mungachite kenako: kusuntha chomera kapena kuyika mthunzi. Popanda kukonza malo ake, masamba otsatira adzayakabe.

Kupsa komwe kumawonekera pa muzu

Chenjezo lokhudza nkhani yosaonekera bwino: m'zomera zomwe zili ndi mizu yowonekera, monga Vanda m'dengu, kapena mizu ya Phalaenopsis yomwe yamera kuchokera mumphika, kuwala kwa dzuwa kungawotchenso mizu.

Chizindikiro chake ndi chakuti nsonga ya muzu ikuuma ndipo pamwamba pake pakuyamba kuyera komanso kusweka, popanda mtundu wobiriwira womwe umaonekera ukakhala ndi madzi.

Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri chomera chikasunthidwa kupita kumalo owala ndipo tsamba lokha ndilo linaganiziridwa posankha. Mizu ya mlengalenga yomwe kale inali ndi mthunzi ndi mphika wokha tsopano ikulandira kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji.

Palibe mankhwala ena kupatula kusuntha kapena kuphimba malowo — mizu yopsereza sichira, ndipo chomera chimataya gawo la mphamvu yake yoyamwa nthawi yomweyo pamene chikufunikira kwambiri.

Mwachidule

Kupsa kouma komwe kuli ndi malire odziwika bwino pankhope yowonekera sikuyenera kukula—ngati kwakula, ndi matenda, ndipo chithandizo chake ndi chosiyana. Ikani chizindikiro pamalire ndikuyang'ananso pakatha maola 24 musanagule chinthu chilichonse.

Dziwani kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kukugwirizana ndi jenda lanu, ndipo sinthani mawonekedwe a zenera kukhala kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi: apa, zenera lamphamvu kwambiri ndi kumpoto. Nthawi zonse onjezerani kuwala pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo musadule tsamba lopsa—konzani malo ake.