Orchid ine chirwere: nzira yekuongorora zviratidzo
Nzira iyo vanhu vazhinji vanoona maorchid ndiyo yakaipa zvikuru: vanoona shizha reyero, votsvaga "shizha reyero reorchid," votsvaga zvikonzero zvisere zvinogona kukonzera, vobva vasarudza chekutanga chinoita sechakakodzera.
Dambudziko nderekuti chiratidzo chimwe chete pashizha chinogona kubva pakuwandisa kwemvura, kushaya mvura, munyu wakaungana, zvipembenene, kupiswa nezuva, kana kungoti shizha rakura. Pasina kuferefeta kwakakodzera, mukana wekurapa chinhu chisina kunaka wakakwira—uye kurapwa zvisina kunaka kunowanzoita kuti chiwedzere kuipa.
Chinyorwa chino hachisi chechiratidzo. Chinotaura nezvenzira yacho : kurongeka kwazvinoitwa, zvinoreva chimwe nechimwe chakawanikwa, uye zvinotora maawa akawanda kuti zvigadziriswe kana tichienzanisa nezvinogona kumirira vhiki rese rekuongorora.
Mutemo wegoridhe: tanga pamudzi, kwete pashizha.
Kana ukabvisa chinhu chimwe chete kubva muchinyorwa chino, ngachive ichi: Shizha ndipo panoonekwa chiratidzo . Mudzi ndipo panova nedambudziko kazhinji.
Mudzi ndiwo wega nhengo inonwisa mvura nezvinovaka muviri. Kana ikarega kushanda, zvese zviri pamusoro payo zvinotambura—uye zvinotambura nenzira dzinotevedzera mamwe matambudziko.
Ndosaka paine chikanganiso chikuru pakurima orchid: kana shizha rikasvava, vanhu vanogumisa kuti rinoda mvura yakawanda, saka vanoidiridza zvakanyanya, uye vanouraya chirimwa nekukurumidza. Shizha rakasvava nekuti mudzi wakaora waisagona kunwisa mvura yaitovapo.
Kuongororwa kunotanga pashizha hakusi iko kwakashata panzira iyi. Kuongororwa kunotanga pamudzi hakusi iko kwakaipa.
Danho 1: Bvisa muhari woverenga mudzi.
Ehe, bvisa muhari. Hazvizokuvadzi muti kana zvikaitwa nokungwarira, uye ndiyo chete nzira yekuona kuti zvakakosha chii. Diridza pasi pevhu usati watanga kuti mudzi ubude usingatyoke.
Tevere, ronga zvaunoona muzvikamu:
| Chii chauri kuona? | Significa |
|---|---|
| Chinongedzo chakasimba, chena kana chegirini, chinoshanda | hutano - dambudziko harisi iro honzeri huru |
| Brown, yakapfava, inopwanyika kana yabatwa. | mvura yakaora — mvura yakawandisa |
| Bepa risina chinhu, rakaoma, rakatetepa, rinotyoka | yakapera mvura mumuviri kana kuti yakafa kare kare |
| Yakasimba asi ine muromo wakasviba, wakaoma. | kupiswa nemunyu kana fetereza |
| Hapana midzi zvachose | Kurasikirwa kwekare — chirimwa chiri kupora |
Kuedza midzi isina chinhu kunobatsira: dzvanya zvinyoro nyoro pakati peminwe yako. Mudzi mupenyu unobata; mudzi wafa uchapwanywa uye mukati mawo muchava nechinhu chisina chinhu.
Kana mudzi wacho wakaora, unenge watoziva chirwere chacho uye nzira yacho—ruzivo rwekurapwa nekupora kwacho rwuri mu " Root Rot in Orchids".
Kana mudzi wacho wakasimba, enda padanho rechipiri. Dambudziko riripo nderekuti nharaunda, kudya kunovaka muviri, kana kuti zvipembenene zvakapararira.
Danho rechipiri: Chiratidzo chacho chiri kupi chaizvo?
Kana chikonzero chikuru chisina kubviswa, kuwana chiratidzo chacho kunoderedza nzvimbo yacho zvakanyanya. Tarisa nenzira iyi—kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi, kubva pane zvinonyanya kukurumidzirwa kusvika pane zvisingakurumidzi.
Korona (pakati perosette, muPhalaenopsis nePaphiopedilum). Iyi ndiyo pfungwa inonyanya kukosha. Kana yakasviba, yakapfava, kana kuti inonhuwa zvakaipa, rega zvese—tarisa kuti korona haina kuora here izvozvi, nekuti izvi zvinoenderera mberi mukati memazuva.
Duva rinodonha risati ravhurwa. Rinowanzo kukonzerwa nekuvhunduka—nekupisa, nzvimbo, kana hunyoro. Chinhu chiri muduva rinodonha.
Nhamba yepeji , uye pano zvine basa kuti ndeipi nhamba yepeji uye rudzii rwekuchinja. Iyi ndiyo nyaya inonyanya kutaurwa uye isina kujeka—tafura iri pazasi inojekesa izvi.
Mababu epseudo akakwenya kana kuti akasvava . Muchirimwa chine substrate yakanyorova, izvi zvinoratidza kuti mudzi hausi kunwisa mvura, kwete kuti zvinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemvura: mababu epseudo akakwenya.
Tafura yekuongorora zviratidzo
Pano zvikonzero zvakanyorwa zvichienderana neruzivo rwuripo pane zvakawanda. Tanga nekutarisa chekutanga.
Zvakakodzera kutarisa huwandu hwembeu dzinokura usati wasvika pamhedziso: zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwezvakatipoteredza zvinowanzova chirimwa chinokonzerwa nechiedza, tembiricha, kana hunyoro huri kunze kwenzvimbo yacho, uye nhungamiro dzekurima dzeAmerican Orchid Society dzinopa huwandu uhwu zvichienderana nerudzi.
| Symptom | Zvinokonzera, kubva pane zvingangoitika kusvika pane zvingangoitika. | Kwekusimbisa |
|---|---|---|
| Shizha reyero, rimwe chete, rekare kupfuura mamwe ese. | kukwegura kwakajairika | shizha riyero |
| Mashizha eyero, akati wandei panguva imwe chete. | mudzi wakaora; zuva rakawandisa; kutonhora | shizha riyero |
| Shizha rakasvava rine substrate yakanyorova | Mudzi wakaora (kwete nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura) | shizha rakasvava |
| Musoro weshizha dema, mashizha ekare kutanga. | munyu wakawandisa kana fetereza | Kupisa fetereza |
| Nzvimbo nhema inokura, ine denderedzwa rechiedza rakanyorova. | bhakitiriya kana fungus - zvinokurumidza | black spot |
| Nzvimbo yakapfava, yakaoma, inogara iri parutivi rwezuva. | Kupiswa nezuva (hachisi chirwere) | kupiswa nezuva |
| Shizha resirivha, chitarisiko chebhuronzi | mite | mite |
| Chidimbu chichena chakaita sedonje chiri mumapepa | cochineal | cochineal |
| Zvipembenene zvidiki pabukira, zvinonamira. | aphid | aphid |
| Ruva rinokanganisika kana kukwenywa parinovhurwa. | nzendo | nzendo |
| Mudzi mutsva nebukira zvadyiwa, nzvimbo yekunze | hozhwa kana hozhwa | hozhwa nehozhwa |
| Mosaic, mitsetse kana mhete dziri mumashizha | hutachiona - hapana mushonga | utachiona |
| Chirimwa chine hutano chisingatungi maruva. | Hapana chinokonzera tembiricha; chiedza hachina kukwana. | haritumbuki |
Danho rechitatu: Kusiyanisa kudiwa kwekukurumidzira kubva pakucherechedzwa.
Haasi matambudziko ese anoda kutorwa matanho nhasi, uye kuona zvese sedambudziko rekukurumidzira kunotungamira pakupindira kusingakoshi—izvo zviri kukonzera kukuvara.
Chiratidzo chekukurumidzira: kuora kwekorona, uye nzvimbo yakapfava, yakasviba inokura zvinooneka ine hunyoro. Utachiona hwebhakitiriya hunowedzera nekukurumidza uye hunouraya mukati memazuva. Bvisa chirimwa wobva wacheka nyama yacho nekukasika nebanga rakachekwa.
Zvinoda kuitwa nekukurumidza: midzi yakaora uye zvipembenene zvinoonekwa nemaziso. Hazvisi nyaya yemaawa akawanda, asi zuva rega rega rinorasika rinowedzera kukuvara.
Unogona kuona kwevhiki imwe kana maviri: shizha rekare richichinja kuita yero, chirimwa chisina kutumbuka, kukura zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Pano, kuona kwakakosha kupfuura kuita chimwe chinhu.
Hapana mushonga: ihutachiona. Hapana mushonga, uye chirimwa ichi chinokonzera kusvibiswa kwezvimwe zvese zviri muunganidzwa nekuda kwekushandisa maturusi anoshandiswa pamwe chete. Sarudzo ndeyekurasa.
Zvikanganiso zvina zvinodhura zvakanyanya pakuongorora chirwere chemuti.
Diridzai zvakawanda nekuti shizha rakasvava. Sezvambotaurwa, uye zvakakodzera kudzokorora nekuti ndiyo chikanganiso chinowanzoitika: kana paine vhudzi rakanyorova uye mashizha akasvava, dambudziko nderekuti mudzi wacho une mvura yakawanda—mvura yakawanda inokurumidza kurasikirwa nemidzi.
Isa mushonga wefungicide pakupisa kwemunyu. Mativi emashizha akasviba pamashizha ekare anoita sechirwere uye anokonzerwa nekuunganidzwa kwemunyu. Mushonga wefungicide haugadzirise dambudziko, uye munyu unoramba uripo. Kurapa kunosanganisira kusuka substrate zvakanaka uye kuchinja nzvimbo inokura.
Kuvhiringidza kupiswa nezuva nehutachiona. Kupiswa nezuva kwakaoma, kune mipendero yakajeka, kunogara kuri paganda rakavhurika, uye hakukuri mushure mekunge kwatanga. Utachiona hunyorova, hune mipendero isina kurongeka, uye hunoenderera mberi. Kurapa kupiswa nezuva nemushonga ibasa rinopambadza—kukuvara kwacho kwagara kuripo.
Kuisa fetereza pamuti une chirwere kuti "usimbise". Chirimwa chine midzi yakakanganisika hachitore zvinovaka muviri, uye fetereza inoshanduka kuita munyu wakawanda muvhu. Kutanga, rapa midzi, wozoisa fetereza.
Mibvunzo mitatu yekubvunza usati washandisa chero chigadzirwa.
Sefa iyi inodzivirira kupindira kusingakoshi.
Ndakaona here chikonzero chacho kana kuti ndiri kungofungidzira? Kana mhinduro yacho iri kufungidzira, chigadzirwa chacho chine mukana mukuru wekusaita chinhu uye mukana chaiwo wekuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kuipa.
Kukuvara uku kunodzoreka here? Mashizha akapiswa nezuva haadzokeri, mavanga ehutachiona haanyangarike. Kana kukuvara kwatoitika, chigadzirwa hachigone kubatsira—chii chichachinja kubva zvino zvichienda mberi?
Pane mushonga wemuchina here usati washandisa mishonga? Kubatwa nezvipembenene zve mealybug pakutanga kunogona kubviswa nedonje redonje nedoro. Nyama ine utachiona inogona kubviswa nebanga. Munyu unogona kubviswa nekusuka. Kubviswa kwechinhu ndicho danho rechipiri, kwete rekutanga.
Fungus kana mabhakitiriya: musiyano unochinja kurapwa.
Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa kana paine ruvara rwakasviba, uye unokosha nekuti chigadzirwa chacho chakasiyana uye kukosha kwacho kwakasiyana.
Mabhakitiriya anowanzo pararira nekukurumidza—unogona kuona musiyano kubva pazuva rimwe kuenda kune rinotevera. Chironda chacho chakazara nemvura, chichiita sechakabikwa, mipendero isina kurongeka, uye dzimwe nguva denderedzwa rakanyorova. Kazhinji kacho kane hwema husina kunaka paunoswedera pedyo.
Howa hunoenderera mberi zvishoma nezvishoma, nemavhiki mashoma. Chironda chacho chakaoma, chine muganho wakajeka, kazhinji chine mhete dzakakombama kana kuti denderedzwa rakasviba.
Muedzo unoshanda zvikuru inguva: tara kumucheto kweronda nepeni woritarisa mangwana acho. Kana rakura zvinooneka mumaawa makumi maviri nemana, ritore sehutachiona hwebhakitiriya woita chimwe chinhu nhasi. Kana rikaramba rakafanana, une nguva yekutarisa.
Ruzivo rwekusiyanisa uku, nezvekushandisa mune imwe neimwe nyaya, zviri muvara dema paorchid.
Maawa makumi maviri nemana ekutanga enjodzi.
Kana chirwere chichiratidza kuti chirwere chacho chave kupararira, kutevedzana kwacho kunokosha. Nenzira iyi:
Bvisa chirimwa kubva kune zvimwe zviri muunganidzwa nekukasika. Utachiona hwebhakitiriya hunopararira kuburikidza nemvura inopfachukira uye inosangana nemvura.
Rega kudiridza kubva pamusoro. Mvura inoyerera inotakura utachiona kumatishu ane hutano nezvimwe zvirimwa.
Cheka nyama yakakanganiswa nemucheto. Usacheke pamucheto chaipo pechironda—pinda nesendimita imwe chete munyama inenge ichiita seyakanaka, nekuti hutachiona hunoenderera mberi kupfuura hunoonekwa.
Chenesai banga musati macheka uye mushure mekucheka kwega kwega, uye pakati pemiti yakasiyana.
Rega ronda riome munzvimbo ine mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka, kure nezuva rakananga, kwemaawa akati wandei usati washandisa. Ronda rakanyorova munzvimbo yakavharirwa ndiro rawabva kuedza kudzivirira.
Ramba uchitarisa mhuka kwemavhiki maviri usati wadzokera kunzvimbo yayo. Kudzokorora kwacho pamucheto wekucheka kwakajairika uye kunoda kuchekwa kutsva kune mukana wakakura.
Shandisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona pamudziyo wako: danho rinodzivirira zvakaipa.
Chinhu ichi chinofanira kugoverwa chacho nekuti ndicho chega chinhu chekudzivirira mavhairasi, asina mushonga. Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pamwe chete pasina kuvharwa kwemasero emushonga ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera kusvibiswa muunganidzwa.
Murazvo ndiyo nzira yakavimbika zvikuru. Kupfuudza banga nemurazvo kusvika wapisa wobva warega uchitonhora kunoparadza mavhairasi. Izvi ndizvo zvinokurudzirwa kana paine fungidziro yekuti pane hutachiona.
Doro re70% rakakodzera mabhakitiriya nefungus , asi harina kuvimbika pakurwisa mavhairasi. Rinoshandiswa nguva dzose, kwete kune vanhu vanofungidzirwa kuti vane chirwere ichi.
Mapadza anoraswa ndiyo mhinduro iri nyore pakubata zvirimwa zvakawanda: banga idzva pachirimwa chimwe nechimwe rinobvisa dambudziko pasina kushandisa nzira dzakatarwa.
Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kubvisa utachiona kunofanira kuitika pakati pezvirimwa , kwete pakutanga chete. Kucheka zvirimwa zvishanu nechigero chakachena chete pakutanga ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yekushandura dambudziko rimwe kuita zvishanu.
Chenesawo kaunda nemaoko ako mushure mekubata chirimwa chine chirwere, uye usashandise zvakare substrate yechirimwa yakaora.
Kugara kwega kwega kwezvirimwa zvitsva
Matambudziko mazhinji ekuunganidza anobva kunze, pamwe chete nechirimwa chakatengwa - uye hapana anochiisa parutivi nekuti chirimwa chitsva chinoita sechine hutano.
Nguva yakakodzera ndeyemavhiki maviri kusvika mana , akaparadzaniswa nemamwe ese, panzvimbo isina mvura inoyerera pakati payo nemamwe.
Munguva iyi, tarisa mapepa emashizha, pasi, uye pasi pevhu vhiki rega rega—nzvimbo dzinovanda zvipembenene zvemealy nezvipembenene. Mazai neshiri dzichangobva kuchechenywa hazvionekwe pakarepo, ndosaka mavhiki maviri ari mashoma.
Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune zvirimwa zvinobva kumisika, nzvimbo dzekutsinhana, kana nzvimbo dzisina kurongeka. Zvirimwa zvinobva kunzvimbo dzinochengeterwa zvirimwa zvine mukurumbira zvinotarisirwa nehutsanana; zvirimwa zvakamboshandiswa nevanhu vakawanda hazviwanzoitiki.
Maitiro ekunyora chirwere ichi
Kunyora manotsi kunoshandura kuongororwa kwechirwere kuita kudzidza, uye zvinotora masekondi makumi matatu.
Zvakakosha kunyora minda mina: zuva, chirimwa, zvawakaona, uye zvawakashandisa. Kana dambudziko rimwe chete rikaitika kechipiri, chinyorwa ichi chinoratidza kana kurapwa kwawakaita kare kwakashanda kana kuti uri kudzokorora chimwe chinhu chisina kugadzirisa dambudziko racho.
Zvinoratidzawo maitiro ezvakatipoteredza. Kana mealybugs dzichigara dzichionekwa pamiti mukona imwe chete, dambudziko nderemhepo inofefetera munzvimbo iyoyo, kwete rombo rakaipa.
Chii chaunofanira kuita kana usingazive?
Zvichaitika: chiratidzo chisinganyatsojeka, chikonzero chakajeka, pasina tupukanana tunooneka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, pane nzira yekuita inenge iri nani nguva dzose pane kufungidzira kurapwa.
Gadzirisa panzvimbo pekupindira. Isa chirimwa munzvimbo yakachengeteka uye iri pakati nepakati: chiedza chakajeka chisina kunanga, mhepo inofefetera zvakanaka, kudiridza zvine mwero, pasina fetereza. Izvi zvinobvisa zvinhu zvinochinja-chinja, uye zvinhu zvakawanda zvinopera kana ukarega kupindira.
Ichengete senzira yekudzivirira. Hazvidhuri uye zvinodzivirira muunganidzwa kana chiri chinhu chinotapuriranwa chausati waona.
Nyora mufananidzo nemufananidzo, kubva pakona imwe chete, mazuva matatu ega ega. Kufambira mberi kwenyaya ndiyo data inonyanya kukosha mukuongorora chirwere, uye inongoonekwa chete kuburikidza nekuenzanisa. Ndangariro inonyengera; mapikicha haanyengere.
Mirira mazuva manomwe kusvika gumi usati wapera. Munguva iyoyo, chirwere chinoshanduka choratidza chikonzero, kana kuti chinogadzikana—uye chirwere chinogadzikana chega kazhinji hachidi kurapwa.
Chinhu chimwe chete chinosiyana nekushivirira uku ndechekufungira kuti kune hutachiona hwehutachiona hwakanyanya, izvo zvisingabvumiri nguva iyi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kupindira nekukurumidza kunowanzo dhura kupfuura kumirira.
Chikanganiso chekugadzirisa muunganidzwa wese.
Kana paine dambudziko mumuti mumwe chete, vanhu vanowanzoisa mushonga wacho pachiri "kudzivirira." Izvi hazviwanzoitiki zvakanaka.
Kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene kwakapararira kunoisa zvirimwa zvine hutano muzvinhu zvazvisingade, nenjodzi yekukuvadzwa nezvipembenene—uye kana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene, zvinobatsira kuti pave nevanhu vanodzivirira zvipembenene nekufamba kwenguva.
Chinotodzivirira izvi inyaya yekutarisira: kufefetedza zvakanaka, kudiridza mangwanani, kudzivirira kunyorovesa korona, kuparadzanisa zvirimwa zvitsva, kushandisa maturusi akacheneswa, uye kuongororwa vhiki nevhiki. Hapana kana chimwe chezvizvi chinosanganisira chero chigadzirwa.
Kurapa kunoitwa kana paine dambudziko. Kudzivirira kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekurapwa nguva dzose.
Nguva yekurega chirimwa
Chisarudzo chakaoma, asi dzimwe nguva chakanaka. Mamiriro matatu anokodzera kubvisa nyaya yacho.
Virusi yakasimbiswa , nekuti hapana mushonga uye inosvibisa vamwe kuburikidza nechishandiso ichi.
Korona yakaora zvachose pamuti mumwe chete — Phalaenopsis kana Vanda isina nzvimbo imwe chete yekukura haizomerezve, kunze kwekeikis dzisingawanzoonekwi dziripo.
Kusavapo zvachose kwemidzi nematura , nematura epseudobulbs atove asina chinhu kana kuti asina matura epseudobulbs zvachose. Pasina matura uye pasina midzi, hapana pekutangira kupora.
Kunze kwezviitiko izvi, maorchid anopora zviri nani kupfuura zvaanoita. Chirimwa chine shizha rimwe chete nemidzi miviri mhenyu chinodzoka—zvinotora mwaka mumwe kana miviri, asi chinodzoka.
Pfupiso yenzira yacho
Bvisa muhari wotanga waongorora mudzi wacho. Kana mudzi wacho wakaipa, ndiro dambudziko—rapa. Kana uine hutano, tsvaga chiratidzo chacho woshandisa chati yacho uchitevedza mukana wekuti chingangoitika.
Siyanisa zvinhu zvinokurumidza uye zvinotora maawa kubva pane zvinogona kumirira. Verenga mibvunzo mitatu iyi usati washandisa chero chigadzirwa. Wobva wanyora pasi.
Avo vanotevedzera izvi vanowanzowana chikonzero chakarurama—uye, chinonyanya kukosha, vanorega kurapa chiratidzo ichi uku chikonzero chichiri kushanda. Kana uri kugadzirira zvaunoda kuva nazvo kumba kuti zvikurumidze kuitwa, kit yekukurumidzira inovhara runyorwa rwacho.
